BOW 9 Find an example and a picture of each type of disease/pathogen: bacteria, virus, prion, genetic, environmental and invertebrates.

An example of bacteria is E. Coli, found in the gut of endotherms. Endotherms are warm blooded organisms. They are also beneficial in the production of vitamin K2. They also prevent harmful bacteria, known as pathogenic bacteria, from establishing themselves in the intestine.

An example of a virus is Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the virus that can stimulate AIDS.

An example of a scrapie disease would be scrapie. Scrapie is a neurodegenerative disease, caused by a prion, that affects sheep and occasionally goats.

A genetic disorder would be down syndrome. An environmental disease would be dermatitis. Dermatitis is the inflammation or irritation of skin.

A disease in invertebrates would be velvet disease. Velvet disease, is a fish disease caused by the dinoflagellate parasites of the genus Piscinoodinium, which gives the fish a dusty, slimy look.

REFERENCES: http://www.ehso.com/environmentaldiseases.htmhttp://www.vetexotic.theclinics.com/article/S1094-9194(08)00063-7/abstracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velvet_(fish_disease) http://www.hudsonalpha.org/education/kits/disorder-detectives/genetic-disorders http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/scrapie.pdf http://www.avert.org/hiv.htm

PART 1 Go to http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/leonardo/thinker_quiz/What are the implications in terms of how you study? In terms of potential careers? PART 2 Now go to http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/index_interactivebody.shtml do the nervous system challenge. Write three things you learned about how your body is "wired".

Part 1:
I am a logical and interpersonal thinker. I believe a career in science may suit me perfectly, most likely being a pharmacist would be most suitable for me. I am a logical thinker. I enjoy math and science, which are subjects prior to being a pharmacist. I think about problems and try to figure out what I can to do help others and being a pharmacist would help me fulfill my desire to help others.

Part 2:
Final Score : 10/20
I learned that when a person is sick they should look out to a horizon because it would allow them to feel better than when they eat something. I learned about how smells are linked to memories by reminiscing the memory with a specific scent. The mind also blocks out repeating conjunctions in written sentences. The brain does many things to make it difficult to see some objects. For example, the brain would cause the eye to see illusions of the mind, which are difficult for the mind to determine if it is real or not

BOW Explain the difference between the cell mediated and the humoral immune systems.

In humoral immunity, the body's lymphocytes produce antibodies, which bind to antigens and label it for destruction. In a sense the body is attacking from a distance, making antibodies and sending them out. In Cell mediated immunity, the cells patrol the body directly looking for bad cells and destroying them directly. However, they do not produce antibodies.

References:
http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/biol2075.htm
http://www.cehs.siu.edu/fix/medmicro/cmir.htm

Look up a disease of one of the senses: vision, hearing, skin, taste and smell. What causes the disease? What are the symptoms? How can it be treated? Include a picture an a reference

Cataracts occur when there appears to be clouding in the crystalline lens of the eye, it obstructs light passage which eventually would cause blindness. Some of the early symptoms of this progressive disease are nearsightedness due to a higher power in the lens, the inability to see blue colors, things become blurry and out of contrast, and things are not as vivid. Cataracts are caused by an over exposure to UV lights. Possible treatments for cataracts are topical eye drops, or surgical procedures to simply remove the cataract.

References:
http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/cataracts/health-cataracts-eyeshttp://www.geteyesmart.org/eyesmart/diseases/cataracts.cfm

Blog 5 What is the significance of brain plasticity? How does the mapping of the brain explain various fetishes?

Brain plasticity allows the brain to compensate for the pieces lost in the brain. For example, losing an arm would can cause phantom limb syndrome which causes the person to feel as if he had not lost the arm. However the person feels the pain of losing the arm. One way to treat of the syndrome is with psychological therapy. Phantom limb syndrome is sometimes caused by losing a body part. The body does not realize that the body part is missing though. Brain plasticity also causes the brain to compensate in more ways such as losing a part of your frontal lobe, changing one's personality.

BOW Explain how the sense of taste works (Don't forget that smell helps)

The tongue has taste receptors in certain areas. Most of the taste receptors known as taste buds that are located on the tip, side, middle, and back of the tongue; they are little bumps located on the tongue. The five different tastes are sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami. The nose is one of the strongest receptors, it does not go through the hypothalamus, it aides taste through smell. The eyes are also receptors in sensing taste.

Why is it important that the body have two control systems rather than one?

The body has two control systems: the endocrine system and the nervous system. The endocrine system uses hormones to regulate the body. Hormones are much slower than the nervous systems electrical impulses that the nervous system uses to regulate movement in the body; it affects muscles while the endocrine system affects organs and other glands in the body to regulate stuff such as glucose (sugar), blood flow, and proper hydration. The main difference is that the nervous system is faster but its effect does not last as long. The endocrine system is slower because it must use hormones rather than electrical impulses. The endocrine systems effects last longer than that of the nervous system. The hormones last longer than electrical impulses. The nervous system in motor and sensory, while the endocrine system controls the thyroid which is related to growth hormones and many others.

Extra Credit Blog.

What topics really confused you?

The heart chapter really confused me.

What topics do you feel very clear on?

I feel very clear on the naming of the bones and muscles.

What lab/ activity was your favorite? Why?

My favorite lab/ activity was the heart rate lab because to helped me understand what physical state I am in.

What lab/activity was your least favorite? Why?

My least favorite lab would be the anthropometry lab because it involved some math, my least favorite subject.

If you could change something about the class to make it better, for instance the type of homework (not the amount) what would it be and why?

I would probably change how the homework is turned in because I like turning in hard copies of homework to make sure it is actually turned in.

Did you follow your diet plan for all four weeks? Why or why not? Predict your nutritional state in terms of nutrients

I did follow my diet plan for all four weeks because my diet helped me study for finals at the end of the semester. My diet was to help boost brain power. Therefore I followed my diet to raise my grades. My nutritional state is probably higher than normal because my diet composes of food that contains quite a lot of nutrients.

What is your take away lesson from Dead Men Do Tell Tales? Could you be a forensic anthropologist? Why or why not?

Dead Men Do Tell Tales taught me that there is more than one way of figuring out a problem or situation of murder. Maples is very intelligent to figure out so many of these situations. I do not think I could be a forensic anthropologist mostly because facing the side of blood gets me pretty disgusted. I probably would not enjoy working with dead bodies. However, I do want to major in the medical field to help others.

Pick three factors that can change your heart rate. How do they change your heart rate? (i.e. faster, stronger, slower, weaker) For each give another system affected by the change in heart rate.

Things that affect your heart rate could be due to caffeine, or adrenaline, or exercise. These factors increase heart rate. Exercising will cause your heart beat faster because of the lack of oxygen. The change in heart rate affects your respiratory system because the faster your heart pumps the more your respiratory works to meet the demand for oxygen that the body needs.

Chapter 5 Wordle

Most of these words have to do with bone formation, development, growth. Some of the words have to do with the structure of a bone, gross and microscopic. A few are the functions of bones.

Based upon this week's labs why is it hard for a fit person to get an exercise benefit?

It is very difficult for a fit person to get an exercise benefit because if they are already fit and doing a certain amount of workouts, then they must do more exercise the next time. If a person is not already fit, it is easy for them to improve because they do not already exercise.

What part of Dead Men has interested you the most so far?

I learned that bones change a great deal throughout our lifetime. It is often thought that we have 206 bones in our body. The most interesting fact is that we really do not have 206 bones in our entire lifetime. As our body changes, our bones in our bodies form differently. Another thing I learned is that there are many ways of murdering people, more brutal than I thought.

What similarities have you noted between a mink musculature and a human's? What has surprised you most about the mink?

Mink muscles are delicate, especially the top layer. However underneath the top layer it is very hard and tough. Minks have a lot more muscles than humans. Minks have very compact bodies; it is, as though the muscles wraps tightly around the body, really airtight. The similarities that I have noticed between the minks and humans are that we both have muscles and their shoulder area is very similar to humans. What has surprised me most about minks is that they have such compact bodies.

Describe which muscles are what shapes.

The neck muscle as well as the biceps brachii are both fusiform muscles. The rectus femoris and the deltoids are both multipennate muscles. The pectoralis is a convergent muscle

Sites used:
http://uscunion.sc.edu/biology/dissectMusc.htm
http://www.teachpe.com/anatomy/shapes_of_muscle.php
http://www.slowtwitch.com/mainheadings/coachcorn/muscles.html
http://www.netterimages.com/image/7453.htm

From the museum describe how two different art periods portrayed the human body How has anatomy influenced art and art influenced anatomy?

The artwork in different time periods portrayed the human body quite differently. For example, one piece of artwork might present a woman with a slightly longer neck. Another art piece might show a woman the same size as a man. Another would portray a man with a larger body and very thin legs. Modern day artwork provides more accurate representations of the human body than classical artwork. Anatomy has helped art advance by providing important information on anatomical positioning. Artists would often attend dissections to further their understanding of the human body.